Denne artikkelen er om en behandlingsform som sprøyter inn dextrose rett under huden for å stimulere nervetrådene der. Den har mange gode forklaringsmodeller om hva som skjer i nervene rett under huden. Nevner bla anterograd og retrograd nervesignaler i C-fibrene. Og Hiltons Law, som er et svært interessant konsept: nervene som går til et ledd går også til musklene som beveger leddet og huden over muskelens feste. Viser til at dextrose hemmer betennelse i nervene, men dette er et vanskelig konsept ved f.eks. diabetisk nevropati hvor hyperglycemi er noe av årsaken til nerveskaden i utgangspunktet. Dog hyperglycemi påvirker blodsirkulasjonen først og fremst.

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paThology oF NEUrogENiC iNFlaMMaTioN
The pathology of neurogenic inflammation is well established.1, 2, 16 Ligaments, tendons and joints have TRPV1-sensitive C pain fiber innervation. Dr. Pybus explains that the C pain fibers transmit the “deep pain” often seen with osteoarthritis.14 “When these C pain fibers are irritated anywhere along their length they will transmit ectopic impulses in both forward (prodromic) and reverse (antidromic) direction.”14 The forward direction of the nerve signal will cause pain perception as the signal travels through the posterior root ganglia up to the brain. You will also have a local reflex action from the spinal cord ventral horn cells out to the muscle fibers, which will cause a reflex muscle spasm.14 The reverse (antidromic) signal will travel to the blood vessels where substance P is released causing swelling and pain. The nerves themselves also have a nerve supply called the Nervi Nervorum (NN).2 In a pathological state, the NN can release substance P (Sub P) and Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) onto these C pain fibers.11 Sub P and CGRP are known to cause pain, swelling of the nerve and surrounding tissue.7

Dr. Lyftogt discussed in his recent Neural Prolotherapy meeting that “Cutaneous nerves pass through many fascial layers on their way to the spine. When there is neurogenic swelling at the Fascial Penetration Zone, a Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) occurs. The CCI points will inhibit flow of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF).8, 7 Proper flow of NGF is essential for nerve health and repair.”3 (See Figure 1.)

There are two major ways that the fascial penetration point can affect a nerve. Trauma to a nerve will cause edema to travel proximal and distal to the injury. When this swelling reaches the fascial penetration points this can cause a self- strangulation of the nerve and decrease nerve growth factor flow.16, 17 Morton’s neuroma is a clinical example of this.17

Dr. Pybus has also suggested that a change in fascial tension from repetitive muscle dysfunction can also cause a CCI point.15, 17

Another critical concept in NPT is what is called Bystander disease.9, 17 Bystander disease helps explain how superficial nerve pathology can affect deeper anatomic structures.9 This is based on Hilton’s law. Hilton’s law states: the nerve supplying a joint also supplies both the muscles that move the joint and the skin covering the articular insertion of those muscles.9 An example: The musculocutaneous nerve supplies the elbow with pain and proprioception as it is the nerve supply to the biceps brachii and brachialis muscles, as well as the skin close to the insertion of these muscles.17 Hilton’s Law arises as a result of the embryological development of humans.

This concept of Hilton’s law coupled with the idea of anterograde and retrograde axonal flow of neurodegenerative peptides,17 can help explain the wide reaching affects of NPT on pain control.

Glucose responsive nerves have been demonstrated throughout the nervous system.4, 5, 6 One proposed mechanism of action suggests that dextrose binds to pre synaptic calcium channels and inhibits the release of substance P and CGRP, thereby decreasing neurogenic inflammation. This allows normal flow of nerve growth factor and subsequent nerve repair and decreased pain.7

1 Geppetti, et al. Neurogenic Inflammation. Boca Raton: Edited CRC Press; 1996. Chapter 5, Summary; p.53-63.

2 Marshall J. Nerve stretching for the relief or cure of pain. The Lancet.1883;2:1029-36.

8 Bennett GJ, et al. A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man. Pain. 1988;33(1):87-107.

9 Hilton J. On rest and Pain. In Jacobesen WHA(ed): On Rest and Pain, 2nd edition, New York: William Wood & company, 1879.