Nevner hvordan stretch øvelser av brystkassen sammen med innpust gir en lettere og roligere pust etterpå, og større bevegelse av diafragma. Dette prinsippet brukes i øvelsene i vårt Breathing System Diafragma trening.

Does Intercostal Stretch Alter Breathing Pattern and Respiratory Muscle Activity in Conscious Adults?

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031940605609327

Summary

The effects of intercostal (IC) stretch on breathing patterns and respiratory muscle activity were monitored in nine healthy subjects. Tidal volume (V_t), breathing frequency (F_b), and inspiratory (T_i) and expiratory (T_e) durations were determined from a pneumotachometer. Peak amplitudes and burst durations of activity in the diaphragm, parasternal ICs and external abdominal oblique muscles were determined from surface EMGs.

The third and eighth IC spaces were stretched in phase with inspiration or expiration when supine and 60° semi recumbent. V_t increased and T_i and T_e were prolonged, resulting in a decreased F_b, independent of site of stretch, phase of breathing, or body position, during IC stretch compared to controls.

Peak amplitudes and burst durations of diaphragmatic EMG and burst durations of parasternal ICs were greater when the third and eighth IC spaces were stretched during inspiration compared to controls. Peak amplitudes of parasternal ICs increased only when the third IC space was stretched during inspiration. When applied during expiration, IC stretch increased only parasternal activity in the supine position. Intercostal stretch applied in phase with inspiration resulted in a slower, deeper breathing pattern with increased activity of the diaphragm and parasternal IC muscles. IC stretch may alter breathing sufficiently to improve gas exchange in some patients with pulmonary disorders.

EFFECT OF INTERCOSTAL STRETCH ON PULMONARY FUNCTION PARAMETERS AMONG HEALTHY MALES

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The use of manual stretching procedures has become more prevalent in cardiorespiratory physiotherapy to improve pulmonary functions. However, limited evidence exists regarding evaluation of their effectiveness. The study aimed to determine the impact of Intercostal (IC) stretch in improving the dynamic pulmonary function parameters (Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC % and respiratory rate among healthy adults. Thirty healthy male subjects were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were assigned to the experimental group and the control group through random sampling method. In the experimental group, subjects underwent IC stretch for ten breaths on the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle with breathing control exercises in semi recumbent position, while in the control group, breathing control exercises alone were performed in the semi recumbent position. The results of the study showed, FEV1/FVC % in the experimental group significantly improved with P=0.017 (p<0.05) than the control group, which means IC stretch increased lung volume and lead to improved lung function. This study suggested the IC stretching with breathing control may be more effective in improving dynamic lung parameters especially FEV1/FVC % than breathing control alone.